Rac1 (RAS-related C3 botulinus toxin substrate 1) は、ヒト細胞に存在するタンパク質であり、RAC1遺伝子によりコードされている[5][6]RAC1選択的スプライシングにより異なる機能を持ったいくつかのタンパク質を生成しており、このうちの1つがRac1である[7]

RAC1
PDBに登録されている構造
PDBオルソログ検索: RCSB PDBe PDBj
PDBのIDコード一覧

1E96, 1FOE, 1G4U, 1HE1, 1HH4, 1I4D, 1I4L, 1I4T, 1MH1, 1RYF, 1RYH, 2FJU, 2H7V, 2NZ8, 2P2L, 2RMK, 2VRW, 2WKP, 2WKQ, 2WKR, 2YIN, 3B13, 3BJI, 3RYT, 3SBD, 3SBE, 3SU8, 3SUA, 3TH5, 4GZL, 4GZM, 4YON, 5FI0

識別子
記号RAC1, MIG5, Rac-1, TC-25, p21-Rac1, ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1), Rac family small GTPase 1, MRD48
外部IDOMIM: 602048 MGI: 97845 HomoloGene: 69035 GeneCards: RAC1
遺伝子の位置 (ヒト)
7番染色体 (ヒト)
染色体7番染色体 (ヒト)[1]
7番染色体 (ヒト)
RAC1遺伝子の位置
RAC1遺伝子の位置
バンドデータ無し開始点6,374,527 bp[1]
終点6,403,967 bp[1]
遺伝子の位置 (マウス)
5番染色体 (マウス)
染色体5番染色体 (マウス)[2]
5番染色体 (マウス)
RAC1遺伝子の位置
RAC1遺伝子の位置
バンドデータ無し開始点143,489,389 bp[2]
終点143,513,791 bp[2]
RNA発現パターン


さらなる参照発現データ
遺伝子オントロジー
分子機能 ヒストンデアセチラーゼ結合
Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor binding
GTP-dependent protein binding
GTPase activity
酵素結合
血漿タンパク結合
thioesterase binding
プロテインキナーゼ結合
ヌクレオチド結合
GTP binding
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
protein-containing complex binding
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity
ATPase binding
細胞の構成要素 細胞質
細胞質基質

焦点接着
メラノソーム
ruffle membrane
trans-Golgi network
細胞核
cell projection
extrinsic component of plasma membrane
エキソソーム
膜状仮足
early endosome membrane
細胞膜
マイクロフィラメント
cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
ゴルジ膜
phagocytic cup
cytoplasmic vesicle
細胞外マトリックス
secretory granule membrane
樹状突起スパイン
recycling endosome membrane
postsynapse
glutamatergic synapse
ficolin-1-rich granule membrane
生物学的プロセス positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction
regulation of respiratory burst
non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
positive regulation of actin filament polymerization
regulation of neuron maturation
negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis
platelet activation
Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway
cellular response to mechanical stimulus
phagocytosis, engulfment
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading
細胞増殖
ruffle assembly
lamellipodium assembly
dopaminergic neuron differentiation
cell-cell junction organization
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis
ruffle organization
actin filament organization
cell motility
解剖学的構造の形態形成
骨吸収
response to wounding
protein localization to plasma membrane
炎症反応
regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
Gタンパク質共役受容体シグナル伝達経路
neuron projection morphogenesis
epithelial cell morphogenesis
dendrite morphogenesis
regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process
engulfment of apoptotic cell
樹状突起発生
auditory receptor cell morphogenesis
hyperosmotic response
cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron development
走化性
positive regulation of DNA replication
actin filament polymerization
細胞接着
negative regulation of interleukin-23 production
homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue
cell-matrix adhesion
localization within membrane
actin cytoskeleton organization
regulation of cell size
anatomical structure arrangement
intracellular signal transduction
regulation of cell migration
エンドサイトーシス
ephrin receptor signaling pathway
T cell costimulation
凝固・線溶系
mitigation of host defenses by virus
synaptic transmission, GABAergic
mast cell chemotaxis
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading
embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron precursor migration
cytoskeleton organization
cochlea morphogenesis
positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis
positive regulation of apoptotic process
regulation of cell morphogenesis
positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly
regulation of fibroblast migration
positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly
cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration
遊走
semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway
positive regulation of stress fiber assembly
軸索誘導
small GTPase mediated signal transduction
positive regulation of GTPase activity
Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway
midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation
neuron migration
タンパク質リン酸化
Rho protein signal transduction
regulation of lamellipodium assembly
Rac protein signal transduction
cell projection assembly
positive regulation of microtubule polymerization
好中球脱顆粒
regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process
hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway
regulation of stress fiber assembly
positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
motor neuron axon guidance
regulation of neutrophil migration
positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus
出典:Amigo / QuickGO
オルソログ
ヒトマウス
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq
(mRNA)

NM_198829
NM_006908
NM_018890

NM_009007
NM_001347530

RefSeq
(タンパク質)

NP_008839
NP_061485

NP_001334459
NP_033033

場所
(UCSC)
Chr 7: 6.37 – 6.4 MbChr 7: 143.49 – 143.51 Mb
PubMed検索[3][4]
ウィキデータ
閲覧/編集 ヒト閲覧/編集 マウス

Rac1は、悪性黒色腫[8][9][10]肺非小細胞癌[11] を含むさまざまなの発生において、重要な役割を果たしていると考えられている。そのため、現在これらの疾患に対する治療標的と考えられている[12]

機能

編集

低分子量GTPアーゼの1つであるうえ、RhoファミリーGタンパク質であるRacサブファミリーのメンバーでもある。このスーパーファミリーのメンバーは、細胞の増殖細胞骨格の再構築、プロテインキナーゼの活性化などさまざまな細胞における事象を制御している[13]

Rac1は、細胞周期細胞接着、(アクチンネットワークを介した)細胞運動、上皮細胞における悪性形質転換上皮幹細胞維持における必要物質であると考えられている)などを含む多くの細胞プロセスにおける、多方面的な制御因子である。

相互作用

編集

ARFIP2[14][15][16]Myotonic dystrophy protein kinase[17]T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1[18][19]PARD6B[20]PAK1[21][22][23]PAK3[14]ARHGDIA[24][25][26][27][28][29]Myd88[30]PARD6A,[20][31]STAT3[32]IQGAP2[33]NCKAP1[34]IQGAP1[23][35][36][37]FHOD1[38]BAIAP2[39]RICS[40][41]FMNL1[42]などのタンパク質と相互作用することが明らかにされている。

脚注

編集
  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136238 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001847 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ Human PubMed Reference:
  4. ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:
  5. ^ Didsbury J, Weber RF, Bokoch GM, Evans T, Snyderman R (October 1989). “rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinum toxin substrates”. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (28): 16378–82. PMID 2674130. 
  6. ^ Jordan P, Brazåo R, Boavida MG, Gespach C, Chastre E (November 1999). “Cloning of a novel human Rac1b splice variant with increased expression in colorectal tumors”. Oncogene 18 (48): 6835–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203233. PMID 10597294. 
  7. ^ Zhou, C; Licciulli, S; Avila, J L; Cho, M; Troutman, S; Jiang, P; Kossenkov, A V; Showe, L C et al. (2012). “The Rac1 splice form Rac1b promotes K-ras-induced lung tumorigenesis”. Oncogene. doi:10.1038/onc.2012.99. ISSN 0950-9232. 
  8. ^ Hodis, E; Watson, IR; Kryukov, GV; Arold, ST; Imielinski, M; Theurillat, JP; Nickerson, E; Auclair, D; Li, L; Place, C; Dicara, D; Ramos, AH; Lawrence, MS; Cibulskis, K; Sivachenko, A; Voet, D; Saksena, G; Stransky, N; Onofrio, RC; Winckler, W; Ardlie, K; Wagle, N; Wargo, J; Chong, K; Morton, DL; Stemke-Hale, K; Chen, G; Noble, M; Meyerson, M; Ladbury, JE; Davies, MA; Gershenwald, JE; Wagner, SN; Hoon, DS; Schadendorf, D; Lander, ES; Gabriel, SB; Getz, G; Garraway, LA; Chin, L (2012 Jul 18). “A landscape of driver mutations in melanoma.”. Cell. PMID 22817889. 
  9. ^ Krauthammer, M; Kong, Y; Ha, BH; Evans, P; Bacchiocchi, A; McCusker, JP; Cheng, E; Davis, MJ; Goh, G; Choi, M; Ariyan, S; Narayan, D; Dutton-Regester, K; Capatana, A; Holman, EC; Bosenberg, M; Sznol, M; Kluger, HM; Brash, DE; Stern, DF; Materin, MA; Lo, RS; Mane, S; Ma, S; Kidd, KK; Hayward, NK; Lifton, RP; Schlessinger, J; Boggon, TJ; Halaban, R (2012 Jul 29). “Exome sequencing identifies recurrent somatic RAC1 mutations in melanoma.”. Nature genetics. PMID 22842228. 
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  27. ^ Gorvel, J P; Chang T C, Boretto J, Azuma T, Chavrier P (January 1998). “Differential properties of D4/LyGDI versus RhoGDI: phosphorylation and rho GTPase selectivity”. FEBS Lett. (NETHERLANDS) 422 (2): 269–73. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00020-9. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 9490022. 
  28. ^ Di-Poï, N; Fauré J, Grizot S, Molnár G, Pick E, Dagher M C (August 2001). “Mechanism of NADPH oxidase activation by the Rac/Rho-GDI complex”. Biochemistry (United States) 40 (34): 10014–22. doi:10.1021/bi010289c. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 11513579. 
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推薦文献

編集
  • Benitah SA, Frye M, Glogauer M, Watt FM (2005). “Stem cell depletion through epidermal deletion of Rac1”. Science 309 (5736): 933–5. doi:10.1126/science.1113579. PMID 16081735. 
  • Dorseuil O, Gacon G (1997). “[Signal transduction by Rac small G proteins in phagocytes] [Signal transduction by Rac small G proteins in phagocytes]” (French). C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Fil. 191 (2): 237–46. PMID 9255350. 
  • Ramakers GJ (2002). “Rho proteins, mental retardation and the cellular basis of cognition”. Trends Neurosci. 25 (4): 191–9. doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(00)02118-4. PMID 11998687. 
  • Esufali S, Charames S, Bapat B (2007). “Suppression of Wnt signalling leads to stabilization of Rac1 isoforms”. FEBS letters. 581 (25): 4850–4856. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.09.013. PMID 17888911. 

外部リンク

編集