ABL1
ABL1は、ヒトでは9番染色体に位置するABL1遺伝子(以前のシンボルはABL)によってコードされているタンパク質である[5]。哺乳類ゲノムに存在するホモログを表す場合にはc-Abl、ウイルスの場合にはv-Ablという表記が用いられることがあり、当初エーベルソンマウス白血病ウイルス(Abelson murine leukemia virus)から単離されたことに由来する[6]。
機能
編集ABL1がん原遺伝子は細胞質と核に位置するチロシンキナーゼをコードし、細胞分化、細胞分裂、細胞接着、そしてDNA修復などのストレス応答といった過程への関与が示唆されている[7][8][9][10]。ABL1タンパク質の活性はSH3ドメインによって負に調節されており、SH3ドメイン領域が欠失することでABL1はがん遺伝子となる。t(9;22)転座はBCR遺伝子とABL1遺伝子とのhead-to-tail型の融合を引き起こし、慢性骨髄性白血病の多くの症例でみられる融合遺伝子が形成される。普遍的に発現しているABL1チロシンキナーゼのDNA結合活性はCDC2によるリン酸化によって調節され、このことはABL1が細胞周期機能に関与していることを示唆している。ABL1遺伝子は6 kbまたは7 kbのいずれかの長さのmRNA転写産物として発現する。最初のエクソンが選択的エクソンであり、エクソン2–11は共通である[11]。
臨床的意義
編集ABL1遺伝子の変異は慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)と関係している。CMLでは、この遺伝子が22番染色体上のBCR遺伝子へ転座することによって活性化されている。この染色体異常はCMLに特徴的であり、稀に他の白血病でもみられる。この新たな融合遺伝子BCR-ABLは調節を受けない細胞質型チロシンキナーゼをコードし、細胞周期調節システムの媒介因子を活性化することで、サイトカインによる調節を受けることのない細胞増殖を可能にし、クローン性骨髄増殖性疾患を引き起こす。BCR-ABLタンパク質はさまざまな低分子によって阻害することができる。そうした阻害薬の1つとしてイマチニブがあり、チロシンキナーゼドメインに結合してBCR-ABLの細胞周期への影響を阻害する。イマチニブ耐性を持つBCR-ABL変異体を阻害する、次世代型BCR-ABLチロシンキナーゼ阻害薬の開発も行われている[12]。
相互作用
編集ABL1は次に挙げる因子と相互作用することが示されている。
- ABI1[13][14][15]
- ABI2[16][17]
- ABL2[16]
- ATM[18][19][20]
- BCAR1[21][22]
- BCR[23][24][25]
- BRCA1[26]
- CAT[27]
- CBL[28][29]
- CRKL[30][31][32]
- DOK1[33][34]
- EPHB2[35]
- GPX1[36]
- GRB10[37][38]
- MTOR[39]
- GRB2[30][40]
- MDM2[41]
- NCK1[28][30]
- NEDD9[42][43]
- NTRK1[44][45]
- P73[46][47]
- PAG1[48]
- PAK2[49]
- PSTPIP1[50]
- RAD9A[51]
- RAD51[18]
- RB1[52][53]
- RFX1[54]
- RYBP[55]
- SHC1[23][56]
- SORBS2[29][57]
- SPTA1[58]
- SPTAN1[58]
- TERF1[20]
- VAV1[59]
- YTHDC1[60]
調節
編集出典
編集- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000097007 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026842 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ Human PubMed Reference:
- ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:
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- ^ “Direct binding of CRKL to BCR-ABL is not required for BCR-ABL transformation”. Blood 89 (1): 297–306. (January 1997). doi:10.1182/blood.V89.1.297. PMID 8978305.
- ^ “Differential interaction of Crkl with Cbl or C3G, Hef-1, and gamma subunit immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif in signaling of myeloid high affinity Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RI)”. J. Immunol. 161 (10): 5555–63. (November 1998). PMID 9820532.
- ^ “Stem cell factor induces phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-dependent Lyn/Tec/Dok-1 complex formation in hematopoietic cells”. Blood 96 (10): 3406–13. (November 2000). doi:10.1182/blood.V96.10.3406. PMID 11071635 .
- ^ “Identification of the Abl- and rasGAP-associated 62 kDa protein as a docking protein, Dok”. Cell 88 (2): 205–11. (January 1997). doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81841-3. PMID 9008161.
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- ^ “Glutathione peroxidase 1 is regulated by the c-Abl and Arg tyrosine kinases”. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (41): 39609–14. (October 2003). doi:10.1074/jbc.M305770200. PMID 12893824.
- ^ “The SH2-containing adapter protein GRB10 interacts with BCR-ABL”. Oncogene 17 (8): 941–8. (August 1998). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202024. PMID 9747873.
- ^ “Human GRB-IRbeta/GRB10. Splice variants of an insulin and growth factor receptor-binding protein with PH and SH2 domains”. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (5): 2659–67. (January 1997). doi:10.1074/jbc.272.5.2659. PMID 9006901.
- ^ “Regulation of the rapamycin and FKBP-target 1/mammalian target of rapamycin and cap-dependent initiation of translation by the c-Abl protein-tyrosine kinase”. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (15): 10779–87. (April 2000). doi:10.1074/jbc.275.15.10779. PMID 10753870.
- ^ “The Src family kinase Hck interacts with Bcr-Abl by a kinase-independent mechanism and phosphorylates the Grb2-binding site of Bcr”. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (52): 33260–70. (December 1997). doi:10.1074/jbc.272.52.33260. PMID 9407116.
- ^ “Tyrosine phosphorylation of Mdm2 by c-Abl: implications for p53 regulation”. EMBO J. 21 (14): 3715–27. (July 2002). doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf384. PMC 125401. PMID 12110584 .
- ^ “Structure and function of Cas-L, a 105-kD Crk-associated substrate-related protein that is involved in beta 1 integrin-mediated signaling in lymphocytes”. J. Exp. Med. 184 (4): 1365–75. (October 1996). doi:10.1084/jem.184.4.1365. PMC 2192828. PMID 8879209 .
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- ^ “Direct interaction of nerve growth factor receptor, TrkA, with non-receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Abl, through the activation loop”. FEBS Lett. 469 (1): 72–6. (March 2000). doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01242-4. PMID 10708759.
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- ^ “p73 is regulated by tyrosine kinase c-Abl in the apoptotic response to DNA damage”. Nature 399 (6738): 814–7. (June 1999). Bibcode: 1999Natur.399..814Y. doi:10.1038/21704. PMID 10391251.
- ^ “Interaction of c-Abl and p73alpha and their collaboration to induce apoptosis”. Nature 399 (6738): 809–13. (June 1999). Bibcode: 1999Natur.399..809A. doi:10.1038/21697. PMID 10391250.
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- ^ “The kinase activity of c-Abl but not v-Abl is potentiated by direct interaction with RFXI, a protein that binds the enhancers of several viruses and cell-cycle regulated genes”. Oncogene 16 (14): 1779–88. (April 1998). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201708. PMID 9583676.
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- ^ “ArgBP2, a multiple Src homology 3 domain-containing, Arg/Abl-interacting protein, is phosphorylated in v-Abl-transformed cells and localized in stress fibers and cardiocyte Z-disks”. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (28): 17542–50. (July 1997). doi:10.1074/jbc.272.28.17542. PMID 9211900.
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- ^ “Association of Bcr-Abl with the proto-oncogene Vav is implicated in activation of the Rac-1 pathway”. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (14): 12437–45. (April 2002). doi:10.1074/jbc.M112397200. PMID 11790798.
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関連文献
編集- “Transforming pathways activated by the v-Abl tyrosine kinase”. Oncogene 21 (56): 8568–76. (December 2002). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206084. PMID 12476303.
- “c-Abl: activation and nuclear targets”. Cell Death Differ. 7 (1): 10–6. (2000). doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400626. PMID 10713716.
- “Bcr-Abl is a "molecular switch" for the decision for growth and differentiation in hematopoietic stem cells”. Int. J. Hematol. 76 (1): 35–43. (2002). doi:10.1007/BF02982716. PMID 12138893.
- “The Abl family kinases: mechanisms of regulation and signaling”. Advances in Cancer Research Volume 85. Advances in Cancer Research. 85. (2002). 51–100. doi:10.1016/S0065-230X(02)85003-5. ISBN 978-0120066858. PMID 12374288
- “Chronic myelocytic leukemia with eosinophilia, t(9;12)(q34;p13), and ETV6-ABL gene rearrangement: case report and review of the literature”. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 138 (2): 139–42. (2002). doi:10.1016/S0165-4608(02)00609-X. PMID 12505259.
- “Abl: the prototype of oncogenic fusion proteins”. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61 (23): 2897–911. (2004). doi:10.1007/s00018-004-4271-0. PMID 15583852.
- “Role of c-Abl in the DNA damage stress response”. Cell Res. 15 (1): 33–5. (2005). doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290261. PMID 15686624.
- “Regulation for nuclear targeting of the Abl tyrosine kinase in response to DNA damage”. Advances in Molecular Oncology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 604. Springer. (2007). 155–65. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-69116-9_15. ISBN 978-0-387-69114-5. PMID 17695727
関連項目
編集外部リンク
編集- Genes, abl - MeSH・アメリカ国立医学図書館・生命科学用語シソーラス
- Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 189980 (ABL)
- Abelson Leukemia Virus - MeSH・アメリカ国立医学図書館・生命科学用語シソーラス
- Drosophila Abl tyrosine kinase - The Interactive Fly
- ABL1 Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway
- ABL1 on the Atlas of Genetics and Oncology
- Human ABL1 genome location and ABL1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P00519 (Human Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1) at the PDBe-KB.
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P00520 (Mouse Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1) at the PDBe-KB.